Shaanxi Archaeological continues to enrich historical pictures (Archaeological China)
Shaanxi Archaeological continues to enrich historical pictures (Archaeological China)
Original title: Shaanxi Archaeological continuous enrichment (Archaeological China) Core reading Shaanxi is Zhou, Qin, Han, Tang Dynasty, the historical relics is great, and the important archeology enriches historical connotations.
Shenmu Shiqi, Gaoling Yangguanzhai and other sites in exploring the origins and development of Chinese civilization and development of the context, Jinshiologist, Jingzhao Lantian (now Shaanxi Lantian Blue Out) people Lu Da Lin’s "to explore the source of making it, The 亡, 正 正 儒 之 "目,, 一 一 一 一 一 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件 件The items recorded in the book more attention to the coexistence relationship of the equipment, including more than 90 of the land codes, and more than half of the Shaanxi territories.
Although Lu Da Lin’s name and tie is still available, its recorded method is quite different from the modern museum and the cultural relics of cultural relics in archeology. It has established a research paradigm for future generations.
In 1921, the excavation of Yangshu Village, Henan Province opened the gate of China’s modern archaeological school, and Lu Da Lin was recorded "archaeological map" has been in the past 829 years. Shaanxi is the case of Zhou, Qin, Han, Tang Dynasty, and the historical remains are extremely rich, and it is the actual archaeological province.
After a few generations of scientific archaeological, the surprising important discovery is endless in Shaanxi, which not only establishes the time and space framework from the old stone age to the Neolithic Age, but also enriches the context of the historical period and the branches.
The Bucket Ruins Excovement lays the modern field archaeological industry to regulate the Shaanxi Archaeological Society is the earliest use of modern scientific methods in the history of Shaanxi, cultural relics and field discovers, leading the first scientific archaeological activities in Shaanxi – Baoji Chicken Tower Discovery of the site. From 1934 to 1937, the Butourtea experienced 3 large-scale archaeological excavations. During the excavation, the archaeologists under Xu Xusheng’s leadership innovatively adopted the district "exploration" discovement, written by the English letters and digital numbers, standardized records, etc., and established the southwest corner to measure the metric measuring site The practice of three-dimensional coordinates has laid the industry norms of modern field archaeological exploration and organizational.
This excavation made Zhou Qin culture, thousands of years, reappeared in the loess, created Su Bingqi and other bunted Chinese archaeologists. The research results of the "Tomb of the Tulougou East District" Tombs said "," also contributed to the birth of an important archaeological study method of archaeological types. The butto station has been excavated and studied in the history of Chinese archaeological development, and it is considered to be the "one of the most important excavations of the preliminary development of China" and the classic example of modern archaeological research marks modern archeology. In Shaanxi. In addition, a series of early archaeological activities carried out in Shaanxi also have a profound impact on the scientific archaeological investigation, exploration and research of the founding of New China, and the archaeological work of some important sites has been continued. For example, in 1938, the investigation and excavation of cultural relics in Hanzhong, Zhang Wei; 1941 to 1945, the art cultural relict of Wang Ziyun is a field of art cultural relics such as Hantang, Shaanxi Province, with Wang Ziyun. Investigate.
In 1942, the capital of the Zhou Dynasty to find and confirm documented, archaeologists stone Zhangru of the legendary Tai, Bin, Feng, Gao and other places to investigate, which report the vicinity of Fort Qiyang "the legendary all week field trips "laid the cornerstone of the Western Zhou Duyi archeology. From the Terra Cotta Warriors shocked the world Banpo archaeological finds its inception emerging new China, undone, and large-scale production activities in infrastructure continue to find cultural relics, Shaanxi earth is no exception.
Institute of Archeology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing University, Northwestern University and other units in Shaanxi Province carried out a lot of archaeological excavations, Xi’an Banpo, Baoji North Ridge, protect the village Quan County, County Goddess Temple, such as for the construction of Xixiang lijiacun ruins of prehistoric cultural lineage of great value turned out.
Archaeological excavations spring of 1953 Banpo site is a milestone in the history of Chinese archeology, settlement archeology of the establishment of China Banpo mode.
Banpo area of about 50,000 square meters, from 1954 to 1957 has conducted five large-scale excavation, excavated an area of 10,000 square meters, it is the first Chinese Neolithic archaeological harvest such a wealth of information.
New China’s first museum of prehistoric settlement sites in the establishment of the excavation site, archaeological able to show directly to the public, received good dissemination of results. In 1958, the Shaanxi Provincial Cultural Relics Management Committee dominated the first provincial cultural relics survey. In November, the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archeology officially formed, rapidly launch investigations excavations, found a number of important sites of prehistoric and Shang and Zhou dynasties. Fenggao ruins of Western Zhou Dynasty, Qin Yong City, the city of Xianyang Qin, Han and Tang Chang’an City, Qianling burial tomb, Yaozhou and other archaeological excavations, laid the foundation for the establishment of the basic framework of the Shaanxi Archeology historical period. Feng Jing and Gao Jing said "Fenggao", is the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty, is the earliest Chinese city model. Archaeologists initially established regional distribution Fenggao sites, age and nature of the discovery of a large palace base address and built-up areas, bronze, bone system, pottery and other handicrafts workshop sites as well as many nobles and bronze cemetery cellar. Research on the ruins of the ancient Fenggao environment, ancient landforms, ancient water system and the internal layout of the evolution of ongoing settlement expansion.
The last century, 60-70 years, Ho Ka cellars, Prince Zhang Huai tomb, Lintong Jiangzhai, Terracotta Army Pit, Zhou Yuan Bronze Hoards of a number of other important finding is even more worldwide attention. In 1974, Terracotta Warriors and Horses discovery shocked the world pit, underground Terracotta Army thousand thousand faces, vivid and realistic figurines composed of blowing open a hole of archeology continues to this day. Terracotta Warriors Museum opened in 1979, Terracotta Army, Qin Wenming Tong Juma and other symbols from home and abroad.
Continues to this day the Bronzes archaeological surveys, excavations and research, greatly enriched our understanding of the physical culture and institutional culture represented before and after the unification of the Qin Empire. In 1979 China Archaeological Society inaugural meeting was held in Xi’an, archeology usher in a new spring.
Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of Shaanxi Archaeological onto the track, Famen Temple, Han Yangling, Xiaoling Yu Wen Yong, Sui and Tang Baqiao and other major archaeological discoveries continue to rewrite our understanding of Qianling Museum established on this basis, Famen Temple Museum , Han Yangling Museum, with the village of Liang Rui State Museum and other renowned Chinese and foreign museums, has become an important vehicle to show the brilliant achievements of Chinese civilization.
Major research project to extend the axis of history rich historical detail into the 21st century, Shaanxi Archaeological entered a new stage of development.
In terms of human origins to explore the Qinling Mountains, along the Yellow River Paleolithic archeology, in particular, to explore the cave site of Hanzhong scabies pimple, early modern humans first discovered fossils in the Qinling Mountains, as early modern humans in China and East Asia evolved from the ancient indigenous population doctrine provides important archaeological evidence. In terms of historical context to explore the origins and development of Chinese civilization, Gao Ling Yang Guanzhai, Yan’an Lushan hilly, Shenmu Shi Mao and other sites has been included in the "Origin of Chinese civilization project" major research project, "Archeology in China" and so on.
Among them, Yang Guanzhai site is the only complete ring of trench settlement sites Guanzhong area known MDG period, the first large-scale domestic adult cemetery confirmed Miaodigou period of great significance.
Shimao Ruins found particularly striking. 10 years of archaeological harvest show that the Shimao city sites dating back 4300 years to 3800 years in East Asia’s largest prehistoric city sites, giant stone carving, exquisite jade, spectacular stone walls, all show a brilliant early on the Loess Plateau Kingdom Rhyme’s.
Zhou Western Zhou Dynasty was originally a key area formation and development of the young phoenix III base address found in recent years to explore it is by far the largest single building in the Western Zhou Dynasty relics.
In particular standing stones in the base address courtyard, stone pavement remains, according to literature speculated, it may be a "Sacrificing" remains. Since 2006 expansion of the Western Han Dynasty Mausoleum archaeological, confirmed to explore the west of the ancient Han Dynasty to the country’s political, philosophical, ideological, national governance system, and the representative of China provides an important kind of information. The cause of prosperity and cultural heritage, increase public awareness of the protection of cultural heritage, archaeological workers is imperative. September 2019, the Shaanxi Archaeological Museum started. Museum collection of scientific research, public education and social services in one, by the Shaanxi case, told China Millennium brewing archeology, history of a century of development.
As the country’s first system to show the history of the archaeological area, specialized museums methods and concepts important discoveries, Shaanxi Archaeological Museum, scheduled to open in the year 2021, and strive to practice better reflect the heritage of historical value, cultural value, aesthetic value, the value of science and technology, the era of value enhance the excellent Chinese traditional culture spread of power.
(The author is president of the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archeology) "People’s Daily" (19th edition December 13, 2021) (Editor: Star Zou, Wu Chao) share so that more people see the client download.